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itsmeizic: NEW YEAR SALES/LETTING

itsmeizic: NEW YEAR SALES/LETTING: For sale 4 bedroom semi detached house on 400sqm on the major road in Chevy view estate @ 65m New 3 units of 3 bedroom terrace hou...

FOR SALE

We have our client’s instruction to put up for sale the property located at Old 26 (New 30) Pelewura Crescent Apapa. The relevant details are as follows:

Description: Vacant Open Plan office building on 5 floors built on 707 square metres land. It has lettable space of 1350 square metres (approx.). The compound can pack up to 14 Cars behind its gate with additional provision for parking in front of the building.
Title: Certificate of Occupancy (C of O)
Price: N150million net

Please feel free to contact me on 08032030362, 07083111902 for any further clarification or information.

Regards,

Devante Realties Limited
16 Ajao Road off Olufemi Street
Surulere
Lagos.

Lets debate

NEW YEAR SALES/LETTING

For sale

4 bedroom semi detached house on 400sqm on the major road in Chevy view estate @ 65m

New 3 units of 3 bedroom terrace houses with 1rm bq @ Greenland estate Olokonla  Ajah 27m

4 bedroom semi detached houses and 1 detached house on 2400sqm @ marine road Apapa 300m

Vacant 5 bedroom semi detached house with 2 room bq on 500sqm off hakeem Ajala Ogudu Gra 100m asking title c of o

500sqm land @ Olowu street off Mobolaji Bank Anthony way 70m asking title c of o

Petrol Station on 1424sqm @ Ikare Bstop Agbado Station 150m

To Let

5 bedroom terrace + 1 rmbq with swimming pool @ Kwara Street,  Banana Island  9.5m Serviced charge 2.5m

Serviced 3 bedroom luxury apartment plus 1rm bq with gym, tennis courtn swimming pool and squash court @ gerrard Ikoyi  90000 dollars serviced charge 20000 dollars

3, 4 bedroom luxury apartment with gym, swimming pool @ kofo Abayomi Vi 70000 and 80000 dollars respectively Serviced charge 17500 n 20000 dollars respectively.

Contact: Isaac 07083111902

Purpose Driven Life

Have you discover the reason of Your Existence?
Have you found the things that makes you happy?
Have you ever wonder the reason why God created you?
Have you ever sit down to think of what the vacuum you are meant to fill?
If your answer to the above question is YES, then you are on the right track.
But if your answer is NO, then lets ride on the journey you are about to Embark upon which is tagged
"Purpose Discovery"

itsmeizic: hurray

itsmeizic: hurray

hurray

HURRAY! HURRAY!! HURRAY!!!

Its Christmas time...
Lets show some Love to those around us.
Lets appreciate the people that needs to be appreciated.
Both in cash and in kind..
To the less privileged..
Able body and disable
...........................................

This video is so cool!

This video is so cool!

Life

Life i s Beautiful.
Life is Wonderful
Life is great
Life is full of ups and down

Life is in Phases
Life has many Faces
Life is full of humour
Life is full of challenges

Life is good
Life is bad
Life is wicked
Life is sweet

Life is crazy
Life is generous
Life is fantastic.

The kind of Life you encounter will decide which one you can boast of.
The kind of life you enjoy will be based on how you take life
The way you handle life is what will come to you
You get back whatsoever you give to life.

Whatsoever you sow you shall reap
Sow the seed of happiness, joy, peace, etc ant reap bountifully
You determine what you get out of life
Not that Life will give you what you wish.

Have a great day.

Housing the Urban Poor

ABSTRACT

Inability to secure a good and well standard habitation in most of the cities in Nigeria and even in African and the world at large as become a vital issue that need quick attention. Actually, this research is focused on housing the urban poor. The aim was to identify the challenges facing the urban poor in our environment while some of the objectives include exposing ways by which the private and public sector can contribute to increasing housing supply and enhance infrastructure facilities provision in our area. After the identification of the likely problems that lead to urban poor in Nigeria and in most cities of the world I realize that despite the effort of government in reducing the urban poor in the cities around the world the problem still persist. This research work therefore suggests some ways of drafting housing policies for the poor and as well recommend vital means for drastic reduction of poor Housing in urban area.

INTRODUCTION

The problem of homelessness is cities around the world defies generalization, essentially because the growth of every city and the way the authorities attempt to manage its growth are rooted in its history, culture, as well as its local politics. In their well-researched book, squatter citizen (1989), Jorge E. Hardy and David Satterthwaite bring out this point succinctly. “When two governments appear to have similar (housing) policies, they probably arise form different motives and may have very different implications for their citizens”. Nevertheless, at the global level, some useful lessons for the future.

The urban poor situation arises as a direct result of the rapid increase of population in the commercial cities of the country especially Lagos during the oil boom era of the 1970s as opined by Fatah J, Ehondor B, Balogun T and Uduoye U (2004).

The lack of poor state of infrastructures in the rural areas as well as the poor economic base already catapulted the rush of rural dwellers to Lagos and some other urban areas. Therefore, the search for greener pasture in the urban area (like Lagos) by different categories of people from all states of the federation facilitated the increase in population.

Increase in birth rates as compared against low birth rate also compounded the housing situation in addition to low and unattractive agricultural production. This alarming growth in population led to over consumption of infrastructure including housing. This had led to gradual degradation of residential areas to slums and inadequate supply of housing in the urban area. Be that as it may be, one of the major need of man is, the need to be safe that is why any management agent is concerned with the continued existence of the house under a man’s care and to take steps to ensure against hazards, and any unforeseen acts that may have negative effect and impact on the general well being of man, his property, and the general environment.

URBAN DECAY AND INFRASTRUCTURE IN NIGERIA

Higher percentage of urban settlement in Nigeria such as Lagos, Enugu, Ibadan Kano, Kaduna e.t.c. are in their worst states of decay and deplorable condition. The colonial masters did not pay any attention to housing for Nigerian people. Tatah et al (2004) noted that any effort made to providing housing occurred only when the health of the colonial administrators was threatened. It took Nigeria over thirty-one (31) years after independence to articulate a National Housing Policy and up to this time the poor was not given any consideration in the housing delivery system, it is therefore, not a purpose that our urban centres one replaced with shanty structures and shanty settlements. The core residential areas close to the Central Business District (CBD) in most cities are already in slum. In Lagos for example Isale Eko the nerve of the business district is begging for urban renewal. Other areas in Lagos seeking renewal include the Ajegunle, Mushin, Shomolu, Makoko, Otto etc. Although the government has systematically started upgrading the infrastructures in these areas. Most of them now have tarred roads/streets, water, electricity, sewers, etc. Their housing conditions are to say the least in deplorable state.

Federal office of Statistics (1998) recorded indicated that about 43% of Nigeria’s population are living below poverty line, that 1 million of our urban population do not have access to any form of housing while about 8 million are at best accommodated in shanties and make-shift-housing; and that Nigeria would require about 3 million units of accommodation to cater for the urban poor. According to Tatah et al (2004) in the face of high inflation, low economic growth of the Nigerian economy, the urban poor with low credit worthiness may never have access to a modicum of housing through self help.

BASIC FACT ON HOUSING THE URBAN POOR AROUND THE GLOBE

By Farouk Tebbal and Kalyan Ray Globally, the shelter conditions of the poor are deteriorating: 1.3 billion people do not have access to clean water and the same number live on less than a dollar a day; 2.6 billion people do not have access to basic sanitation, while 5 million die from diarrhea diseases every year. Poverty will clearly dominate the international development agenda of the 21^st century. Much of the focus of this agenda will be on the world’s urban areas where an estimated one billion people still lack adequate shelter and basic services.

The problem of homelessness in cities around the world defies generalization, essentially because the growth of every city and the way the authorities attempt to manage its growth are rooted in its history, culture, as well as its local politics. In their well-researched book, Squatter Citizen (1989), Jorge E. Hardoy and David Satterthwaite bring out this point succinctly: “When two governments appear to have similar (housing) policies, they probably arise from different motives and may have very different implications for their citizens”. Nevertheless, at the global level, some general trends are evident and offer some useful lessons for the future.

Lessons Learned (1960-1996)

By the late 1960s (much earlier in some Latin American countries), most developing country cities were getting disillusioned with public housing programmes (many of which were launched after 1960) as solution to the proliferation of slums and squatter settlements. Though this losing game of numbers continued- and it continues to this day in government statistics and planning departments – the shortcomings of this approach was evident on a number of counts.

Firstly, few city governments or for that matter, national governments, had the necessary resources to match the burgeoning housing needs of the urban population, be it the in-migrants or the new households. Secondly, the rising cost of public housing (with rigid planning and building standards and persistent cost and time overruns) meant that public almost always missed the intended target groups. Thirdly, housing loans and remained palenry conservative and inflexible when it came to collateral requirements. Invariably, low-income populations were squeezed out in favour of the middle, and sometimes, higher-income groups. Even the more successful housing programmes such The Hundred Thousand and Housing Programme of Sri Lanka were considering switching to newer, more innovative approaches that could meet the needs and aspirations of poorer households.

The 1970s saw growing experimentation with the sites and services approach. In theory, this approach offered many advantages over (or in conjunction with) the public housing approach. Firstly, the available public funds could be stretched to benefit many more households. The approach also allowed for greater flexibility in building and the possibility of self-help or community help could keep the costs affordable. Yet another advantage was that the construction could be paced according to the capacity of the beneficiary, which allowed construction to take place incrementally over time, thereby giving beneficiaries the option of pacing the construction according to their household earnings.

HOUSING FINANCE

There is sample evidence from Africa, Asia, Latin America and Caribbean countries that low-income and even moderate-income households do not have access to housing credits, because:

¨ They cannot afford the debt service required to finance the cost of a minimum unit. They cannot meet the criterion used to qualify households (i.e., the mortgage payment to income) by financial institutions. For example, the ratio of mortgage payment to income for low-income households is 104 percent in Bolivia and 40 percent in Colombia which far exceeds the maximum (25 percent and 30 percent respectively) allowed by commercial financial institutions in these countries (Ferguson 1999).

¨ Mortgages require payments every month for a long period of time. However, low-income households are often self-employed, their incomes vary greatly, and they occasionally face crises-such as sickness and injury- that absorb all their available resources (Ferguson 1999).

¨ Commercial financial institutions usually have little interest in lending to low-income households (even if financial conditions allow) as the small loans required by these households are much less profitable (Payne 2000).

When housing loans are not available households have to use their own savings, sweat equity, and/or loans from relatives. Estimates from various countries show that it takes from 15 to 30 years of saving (30-50 percent of monthly income) for low-income households to afford a minimum standard unit in authorized stock. It should be noted that in reality households in the lowest deciles of the income distribution cannot save (like the households in upper echelons of income distribution) as in most cases monthly incomes are irregular and hardly sufficient for minimum nourishment requirements. Thus, building in illegal areas, without construction and/or occupancy permits, remains as the only option for the urban poor.

PROBLEM ASSOCIATED WITH HOUSING THE URBAN POOR

Land policies do not make sufficient developed land available: Urban planning tools, including master planning, zoning and plot development regulations, are not appropriate to make land available in pace with rapid urbanization, resulting in insufficient land supply and increases in land prices. Master plans in many developing and transition countries are too centralized, take too long to prepare and fail to address implementation issues or the linkages between spatial and financial planning. Resulting regulations are outdated and inappropriate.

Policies and/or regulations as well as public authorities’ approach are not conducive to regularization of tenure because:

¨ There is a widespread assumption by authorities that regularization may encourage illegal practices.

¨ Issuance of land documents can create considerable conflict, especially in places with multiple forms of property rights.

¨ Authorities may prefer to retain the informal status of some spontaneous settlements, as the land may be demanded by other uses, and informal occupation provides a sufficient ground for eviction.

Land and housing regulations make housing unaffordable:

Unrealistically high standards for subdivision, project infrastructure, and construction make it impossible to build low-income housing legally. Furthermore, urban land supply can be limited by:

i. Extensive public ownership of land and unclear land transfer procedures (most common in transition countries);

ii. Unrealistic standards for land and infrastructure development;

iii. Complex procedures of urban planning;

iv. Unclear responsibilities among public agencies. Limited land supply will cause the prices to increase.

Land and housing regulations make it difficult for the poor to follow cumbersome procedures

Procedures can be unduly cumbersome, difficult for poor people to save time and to follow. Observations from many developing countries show that the processes of obtaining construction and occupancy permits are complicated, not well-understood by the poor, especially immigrants, time consuming and costly. The results is invasions of state land or purchases of unplanned land from illegal agents.

Lack of access to credits

There is sample evidence from Africa, Asia, Latin America and Caribbean countries that low-income and even moderate-income households do not have access to housing credit. When housing loans are not available, households have to use their own savings, sweat equity, and/or loans from relatives. Estimates from various countries show that it takes from 15 to 30yrs of saving (30-50 percent of monthly income) for low-income households to afford a minimum standard unit in authorized stock. It should be noted that in reality households in the lowest deciles of the income distribution cannot save (like the households in upper echelons of income distribution), as areas, without construction and/or occupancy permits, remains as the only option for the urban poor.

Lack of tenure security leads to:

Loss of physical capital, damage of social and informal networks for jobs and safety nets, and sense of security.

Several million urban dwellers are forcibly evicted from their homes each year, most without any form of compensation.

Inability to use the house as a resource when other sources of income reduced

For poor people, housing is an important productive asset that can cushion households against severe poverty during economic hardships. Renting a room or creating an extra space for income generating activities are the common coping strategies. When the poor have secure ownership of their housing, they often use it with particular resourcefulness when other resources of income are reduced (Moser 1996).

Effort of Government in Reducing Urban Poor In The Country

The government is thinking hard about the ways to accommodated urban poor, a goal which can bring a round of applause for politicians. Urban housing is struck in between the outdated policies and bureaucracy.

The Lagos state mega city has brought to the rising price of properties which requires groups and institution to service different means of addressing the issue of housing needs and shortages. One f such is setting up of cooperative societies.

Currently, there are over 100 Housing cooperative societies in Nigeria; prominent amongst them, the Mobil cooperative society, Chevron cooperative society and MTN cooperative society who have recently developed what is known as yellow Estate at Olugboragun opposite Thomas Okoyi Housing Estate Lekki.

Considering housing for poor a prime responsibility, the government has largely focused its attention towards development of large number of houses and alloted them to the poor. Funds have been garnered for development of such units, with the remaining cost shared between a bank and the beneficiary.

Demand for residential property among poor is increasing because of a rapid urbanization. Since, there is a shortage of land in cities; an effective urban policy requires to be brought into effect to optimize proper land use.

Some Suggestions For Drafting Housing Policies For Poor

¨ Housing policies must meet broader economic goals in the best way, thereby ensuring regulated urban development.

Any urban housing policy must give the first priority to urban poor who actually run the urban growth engine. Else, it will only serve as one of the futile incentives, which do nothing than promoting indiscriminate migration.

Government should look toward developing enough stock of rented housing for the poor. It will set a new paradigm instead of transferring ownership to inhabitants.

The rents will seldom be an additional burden on the poor, as they pay 300-1,000 per month for dingy huts in slum, with out access to basic facilities. Contrary to this resident will not suffer from the problem of uncertainty in tenure. In any case, the growth government housing schemes now have a significant bank loan share, which the beneficiary (who can be alloted ret vouchers) repay in monthly installments. Rent vouchers will only be helpful in replacing the rent payments.

A contract can be signed with private builders to develop these housing must for poor. A build-operate-transfer contract for tenure of 15-20 years can be an attractive proposition. They can collect predetermined rents and the rental subsidy from the government can be directly transferred to the builders. The move can help to ensure better focusing of the subsidies.

Recommendation/Conclusion

After appraising all the features i.e. the causes state of decay, as well as measures and strategy to mitigate the problem of urban poor, I hereby come up with the following recommendation for tackling the challenges of housing the urban poor which include:

¨ Public authorities should establish systems to provide tenure security (e.g.) freehold or use rights) in view of the country’s cultural context and communicates particular circumstances. The aim should be to incorporate common practices into a formal system. If the majority of land acquisition practices and tenure system do not fit into the current legal system, regulatory and policy frameworks have to be adjusted to incorporate current practices. Systems need not be restricted to freehold titles, but can be flexible. For example protected use rights can be gradually upgraded to full ownership rights. In general, public authorities need to establish and publish guidelines for property registration and development. Also, property rights should be designed to allow free transaction of property. Owners should also be allowed to use their property as collateral.

¨ Government should embark on some upgrading programmes e.g. slum upgrading programmes. The federal and state government should assist in urban renewal programmes which will mean a continuous strategy of improving the neighbourhood of the poor by slum upgrading schemes.

Public and private participation should also be involved in housing the urban poor centres in the country and this can be through subsidizing of building materials, provision of partial labour and private participation including savings and loans, mortgages and e.t.c.

REFERENCES

¨ Downs C. James (1975)

Principles of real Estate Management

¨ Ferguson 1999

¨ OKOH, Victor PHILIP OKORIE

Journal of Estate surveying and research

¨ Thomcroft M. (1965)

Principle of Estate Management

London, The Estate Gazette Ltd

¨ Federal Office of Statistics

(1998) Annual abstract of statistics

Abuja

¨ Lawal M.I

(1997) Principle and practice of housing

¨ Tatah J, Ehondor B, Balogun T, and Udoye U 2004

Housing the urban poor: The challenges of this decade

¨ Omujine Emmanuel (2000)

Property development and investment in the millennium

Oyebanji A.O (2002) Students’ project and research work

¨ Moser (1996).

THE ROLE OF RESEARCH ESTABLISHMENT HOUSING PROVISION IN NIGERIA

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Introduction

Research establishments

The roles of research establishments

Housing problems in Nigeria

Research establishments and housing provision in Nigeria

Nigerian Building and Road Research Institutes and Its Achievements

Problems militating against the use of applied result

Recommendations

Conclusion

References

INTRODUCTION

Shelter is regarded as one of the basic needs of human being. Despite its importance, majority of the populace finds it difficult to acquire, or own a house of their own due to the cost. And most importantly, the low income capacity of the masses. Housing has been a very disturbing component in the social and economic quality of any developing nation. The situation in Nigeria is a typical example as people/masses continue to years for shelter.

Owing to developing any country or nation, the tradition of ascertaining the fact on any issue is done through proper study and fact findings, which can otherwise be called research. There are many institute of research which focuses on certain sector or field. Most of these research institutes are established by the government to serve as its eye to be able to monitor developments in the nation, and know the level and acceptability of developments.

RESEARCH ESTABLISHMENT

There are chains of research establishments that are set up by the government to help in nation building. Such research establishments are FIIRO, NISER, etc other research are carried out by individuals may be through assignments in tertiary institutions, or self sponsored/self willing or through corporate organizations. These research establishments by the government are designed for a particular field or sector.

There have been several researches carried out to help in housing provisions that is on the statistics of houses that was provided in the past, how many people were able to get those houses provided, either directly or indirectly and so on. And also there are researchers carried out on building materials, and so many that were not even looked into.

THE ROLES OF RESEARCH ESTABLISHMENTS

Some of the roles of research establishment is to, through research contributes directly or indirectly to economic progress and to the quality of life. It performs the role of an active change agent. It helps to transform the production of goods and services. Also, it acts as catalyst in the transfer of knowledge to industry and government.

HOUSING PROBLEMS IN NIGERIA

According to (Alabi, 2009), the problem of housing varies from one country to the other. Some countries tackled the problem in a pragmatic manner whilst others have shy away from the problem. In Nigeria, home ownership and the need for property development has been increasing with the population growth.

He also stated that the rate of change over from a world of rural people to that of city dwellers coupled with sudden increase in national earnings brought about a higher taste for standards. According to him, housing which is often defined as a multidimensional bundle of services is also a bundle of contradictious and paradoxes.

Nigeria, like many other countries is confronted with both qualitative and quantitative housing problems, which is due to a combination of social, economic, demographic and technological factors, which have resulted in an increase in demand that cannot be matched by supply (Alabi, 2009).

RESEARCH ESTABLISHMENT AND HOUSING PROVISION IN NIGERIA

Due to the nature, vision and mission of research institutes, it is imperative to know that the prospect of housing provision in Nigeria can only come alive through the research, couple with other sectors that should be involved. The research institutes such as Nigerians Institutes of Social and Economic Research, Nigerian Building and Road Research Institute and other agencies like Standard Organization of Nigeria (SON) Building Material Producers Association of Nigeria, and so many other research agencies and government parastatals..

The rate of housing demand in Nigeria can only be countered with massive hands on deck, and with research establishments serving as the information channel on what findings on the housing provision is.

Most of the research in the past as regard to housing provision is majorly from the academic institutions. It is very disappointing there has been no specified research institutes devoted to housing provision except for those that are charged to look into housing indirectly such as NBRRI.

NIGERIAN BUILDING AND ROAD RESEARCH INSTITUTES AND ITS ACHIEVEMENTS

It is believed that the rate at which the cost of housing provision is increasing need to be curtailed to enable easy mass production and at low rates of housing for the masses.

This gave birth to the establishment of organizations like building material producers Association of Nigeria and the Nigerian Building and Road Research Institutes.

The BUMPAN was built around two key stakeholders, the Federal Ministry of Industry and the Nigerian Building and Road Research Institute. And these actors are enjoined to:

- Identify location of local materials available for the manufacturer of building components and explore their effective utilization for building construction with a view to achieving reduction in cost to meet the target price and make housing affordable to majority of Nigerians.

- Identify building materials technology source, processing, processing and uses in Nigeria as well as building materials classification and associated small and medium scales by products,

- Make suggestions for the promotion of small and medium scale industries to face the challenges of the envisaged mass production of houses.

- Identify problems associated with accessing loanable funds from SMIEIS by small and medium scale industries and proffer solutions;

- Work out modalities for the popularization and transfer of production and construction techniques from research to the real estate developers and others users to ensure continuous availability of locally sourced and cheaper building materials to service the mass production under the new urban development and housing policy (2002).

- Mobilize and sensitize stakeholders and the general public on the funding and investment opportunities in the building materials industry, availability of local raw materials technology and manufacturing processes. (Aguluka, 2003).

The work was divided into two, but the NBRRI was charge with the available technology, sourcing processing and use. NBRRI provided information on; list of organizations involved in the production of various types of building materials, outlay of clay brick industries in Nigeria, location of limestone deposits for lime production in Nigeria, Analysis of alternative building materials as compared with conventional ones for building purposes, building stone materials and applications, and so many others (Agboola, 2006). The NBRRI has developed foundation and walling materials from stonecrete blocks and burnt claybricks and have developed a brick making machine which could be commercially produced. The institute has produced improved thatch fibre concrete and clay roofing tiles as roofing materials. Alternatives to cement as cementitious materials have been found in lime, rice husk as and blast furnace slag. The materials for making these are available in large quantities in Nigeria (Agboola, 2006).

Thus, the NBRRI developed materials for flooring, walling and roofing. It has equally identified its research products which are amendable to industrial production and suitable to meet Nigeria growing housing needs. It could then be justifiably asked why building materials are still very costly and largely imported in Nigeria despite these research achievements.

PROBLEMS MILITATING AGAINST THE USE OF APPLIED RESULTS

Prior to independence, cement was neither in high demand nor in wide use. Burnt bricks had its virtues as exemplified by the many colonial architectural buildings built of burnt bricks and still structurally sound as found in the older part of Lagos and in the core of Otta.

Houses built with cement have become the status symbol of an accomplished person in the Nigeria society and the society had almost lost the indigenous art of making burnt bricks. This is an external factor which has made the adoption of applied research results pretty difficult. Another factor often proffered is the attitude of architects and housing/building designers who do not encourage their clients in the use of local building materials by providing them with alternative to the conventional building materials like cement (Agboola, 2006).

RECOMMENDATIONS

According to Agbola (2006), the association (BUMPAN) must liase with all professional bodies such as, Nigerian institute of Architects (NIA), Nigeria Institute of Builder (NIOB), Nigeria Institution of Estate Surveyors and Valuers (NIESV) and others that are involved in the construction industry on the patronage of local building materials. The BUMPAN must transcend the problem of information of NBRRI. Investor’s information of building materials research results should be targeted specifically to investors and industrialists. In this connection, market surveys of product uses acceptability are necessary accompaniment of the package of information to would be investors.

The research and developments must be embarking on using some of the tertiary as complements to NBRRI. These institutions should be funded by international agencies and NGO’s who are only willing to be partners in such endeavours provide the association is transparent and accountable (Agbola, 2006).

CONCLUSION

In view of the importance Research establishments and achievements so far, there should be full support of every association connected with housing provision to make headway. There is also need for more research works to be carried out on domestic building materials and on even new ones. All research institutions such as NBRRI should be adequately mobilized in this regard.

REFERENCES

Agbola Tunde (2006): “Production of Local Building Materials: The Challenges of and Benefits to Major Participants in the Nigerian Local Building Materials Industry”. Journal of Estate Surveying Research, Volume 1 Number 1. 2006.

Alabi, O. T (2009): “The Roles of non-governmental organizations in Housing Delivery in Nigeria, Journal of Estate Surveying Research, Volume 1 Number 2, 2009.

Goggle.com 6-04 -2010, “The Research Establishment in Nigeria”.

REFERENCES

A Lecture on Nigerian Real Estate Investment Trust (REIT) Challenges and Prospect. A paper presented by Union Homes REITS.

Oyebanji A. O (2003), Principles of Land Use Economic

Real Estate Investment Trusts: The Future for property investment from http://www.research @thealitheia.com, March 27, 2009.